/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sprite animation using two naive but common approaches to animating frames. Sprites were created by via the sprite tool at: http://charas-project.net/ http://charas-project.net/charas2/index.php They were altered from their original 24x32 to 32x32 to make loading of frames simple for example purposes only. They are converted using grit via the supplied sprite.grit file. The man sprite loads new frame graphics every time the animation frame changes. This has the advantage of only consuming 32x32 bytes of data in sprite video memory and the disadvantages of having to store the rest of the frames in main memory and having the overhead of copying the data in each frame. The woman sprite loads all animation frames to sprite memory upon initialization. This has the advantage of allowing main memory to be freed, and causes the animation process to be significantly faster as only a pointer is changed each frame. The disadvantage is this single sprite is consuming nearly 10% of available sprite graphics memory for the sub display. If one of these two methods are to be employed I recommend the manly approach as the sprite memory is a scarce resource while main memory and cpu cycles are comparatively abundant. A more advanced approach is to keep track of which frames of which sprites are loaded into memory during the animation stage, load new graphics frames into memory overwriting the currently unused frames only when sprite memory is full. Decide which frame to unload by keeping track of how often they are being used and be sure to mark all a sprites frames as unused when it is "killed" This demo is using a very rigid animation engine in that it assumes that each frame of sprite graphics is the same size, that each sprite can only walk up down left or right and that each of these states is 3 frames in durration. Significantly more advance animations can be done by creating data structures to describe an animation sequence. Perhaps more advanced demos will follow this one. -- dovoto (jason rogers) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ #include <nds.h> #include <man.h> #include <woman.h> #define FRAMES_PER_ANIMATION 3 //--------------------------------------------------------------------- // The man sprite // he needs a single pointer to sprite memory // and a reference to his frame graphics so they // can be loaded as needed //--------------------------------------------------------------------- typedef struct { int x; int y; u16* sprite_gfx_mem; u8* frame_gfx; int state; int anim_frame; }Man; //--------------------------------------------------------------------- // The womman sprite // she needs an array of pointers to sprite memory since all // her frames are to be loaded. // she also needs to keep track of which sprite memory pointer is in use //--------------------------------------------------------------------- typedef struct { int x; int y; u16* sprite_gfx_mem[12]; int gfx_frame; int state; int anim_frame; }Woman; //--------------------------------------------------------------------- // The state of the sprite (which way it is walking) //--------------------------------------------------------------------- enum SpriteState {W_UP = 0, W_RIGHT = 1, W_DOWN = 2, W_LEFT = 3}; //--------------------------------------------------------------------- // Screen dimentions //--------------------------------------------------------------------- enum {SCREEN_TOP = 0, SCREEN_BOTTOM = 192, SCREEN_LEFT = 0, SCREEN_RIGHT = 256}; //--------------------------------------------------------------------- // Animating a man requires us to copy in a new frame of data each time //--------------------------------------------------------------------- void animateMan(Man *sprite) { int frame = sprite->anim_frame + sprite->state * FRAMES_PER_ANIMATION; u8* offset = sprite->frame_gfx + frame * 32*32; dmaCopy(offset, sprite->sprite_gfx_mem, 32*32); } //--------------------------------------------------------------------- // Initializing a man requires little work, allocate room for one frame // and set the frame gfx pointer //--------------------------------------------------------------------- void initMan(Man *sprite, u8* gfx) { sprite->sprite_gfx_mem = oamAllocateGfx(&oamMain, SpriteSize_32x32, SpriteColorFormat_256Color); sprite->frame_gfx = (u8*)gfx; } //--------------------------------------------------------------------- // Animating a woman only requires us to alter which sprite memory pointer // she is using //--------------------------------------------------------------------- void animateWoman(Woman *sprite) { sprite->gfx_frame = sprite->anim_frame + sprite->state * FRAMES_PER_ANIMATION; } //--------------------------------------------------------------------- // Initializing a woman requires us to load all of her graphics frames // into memory //--------------------------------------------------------------------- void initWoman(Woman *sprite, u8* gfx) { int i; for(i = 0; i < 12; i++) { sprite->sprite_gfx_mem[i] = oamAllocateGfx(&oamSub, SpriteSize_32x32, SpriteColorFormat_256Color); dmaCopy(gfx, sprite->sprite_gfx_mem[i], 32*32); gfx += 32*32; } } //--------------------------------------------------------------------- // main //--------------------------------------------------------------------- int main(void) { Man man = {0,0}; Woman woman = {0,0}; //----------------------------------------------------------------- // Initialize the graphics engines //----------------------------------------------------------------- videoSetMode(MODE_0_2D); videoSetModeSub(MODE_0_2D); vramSetBankA(VRAM_A_MAIN_SPRITE); vramSetBankD(VRAM_D_SUB_SPRITE); oamInit(&oamMain, SpriteMapping_1D_128, false); oamInit(&oamSub, SpriteMapping_1D_128, false); //----------------------------------------------------------------- // Initialize the two sprites //----------------------------------------------------------------- initMan(&man, (u8*)manTiles); initWoman(&woman, (u8*)womanTiles); dmaCopy(manPal, SPRITE_PALETTE, 512); dmaCopy(womanPal, SPRITE_PALETTE_SUB, 512); //----------------------------------------------------------------- // main loop //----------------------------------------------------------------- while(1) { scanKeys(); int keys = keysHeld(); if(keys) { if(keys & KEY_UP) { if(man.y >= SCREEN_TOP) man.y--; if(woman.y >= SCREEN_TOP) woman.y--; man.state = woman.state = W_UP; } if(keys & KEY_LEFT) { if(man.x >= SCREEN_LEFT) man.x--; if(woman.x >= SCREEN_LEFT) woman.x--; man.state = woman.state = W_LEFT; } if(keys & KEY_RIGHT) { if(man.x <= SCREEN_RIGHT) man.x++; if(woman.x <= SCREEN_RIGHT) woman.x++; man.state = woman.state = W_RIGHT; } if(keys & KEY_DOWN) { if(man.y <= SCREEN_BOTTOM) man.y++; if(woman.y <= SCREEN_BOTTOM) woman.y++; man.state = woman.state = W_DOWN; } man.anim_frame++; woman.anim_frame++; if(man.anim_frame >= FRAMES_PER_ANIMATION) man.anim_frame = 0; if(woman.anim_frame >= FRAMES_PER_ANIMATION) woman.anim_frame = 0; } animateMan(&man); animateWoman(&woman); //----------------------------------------------------------------- // Set oam attributes, notice the only difference is in the sprite // graphics memory pointer argument. The man only has one pointer // while the women has an array of pointers //----------------------------------------------------------------- oamSet(&oamMain, 0, man.x, man.y, 0, 0, SpriteSize_32x32, SpriteColorFormat_256Color, man.sprite_gfx_mem, -1, false, false, false, false, false); oamSet(&oamSub, 0, woman.x, woman.y, 0, 0, SpriteSize_32x32, SpriteColorFormat_256Color, woman.sprite_gfx_mem[woman.gfx_frame], -1, false, false, false, false, false); swiWaitForVBlank(); oamUpdate(&oamMain); oamUpdate(&oamSub); } return 0; }
1.6.3
